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emacs Reference Card (more intuitive)
vi Reference Card (available on all Linux systems)
Special characters
/ | Separates directories in a file path, represents the root directory when used at the start of a path |
# | Used to start a comment in Bash |
$ | Used to reference the value of a variable |
; | Allows the execution of multiple commands on the same line |
| Executes the preceding command in the background |
| | "Pipe", passes the output of one command as input to another |
! | Negates the exit status of the command that follows it, also used for history expansion |
\ | Escape character. Nullifies the special meaning of the next character, including the invisible "new line" character |
Directory abbreviations
~ | Represents the home directory of the current user in a file path |
| Represents the current directory in a file path |
| .. | Represents the parent directory in a file path |
Command I/O
| > | Redirects the output of a command to a file, overwriting the file if it exists |
| >> | Redirects the output of a command to a file, appending to the file if it exists |
| < | Redirects input from a file to a command |
<< | Redirects a string into the standard input of a command |
Wild cards
A number of characters are interpreted by shell before any other action takes place. These characters are known as wildcard characters. Usually these characters are used in place of filenames or directory names.
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